Age-Gating Isn’t About Kids, It’s About Control
120 points by Aks
120 points by Aks
I don't think so. The US government has shown they will violate constitutional rights without legal precedent to do so. I think the age verification bills are genuinely misguided attempts to get ahead of the internet radicalising and grooming children. What do you do in world of comkids on every game, 764-style grooming cults on social media, weird old predators on these weird unknown chatrooms and parents who don't know, don't care or aren't technologically adept enough to stop their child making bad decisions?
I think the age verification bills are genuinely misguided attempts to get ahead of the internet radicalising and grooming children.
There are two kinds of people advocating for age-gating on the internet. The first group is the people who want to track, control and censor. The second group consists of useful pawns, mixed in with a healthy amount of astroturfers and bots. Free access to information on the internet unlocks ridiculous potential in children, it is all a matter of how they're raised.
It would be nice for a reply to address anything I actually said. "Useful pawns" is a thought-terminating cliché.
Great arguments for the free exchange of information have been made for decades, centuries even. I will not take the time to repeat less eloquent versions in a tiny text box on Lobsters. My entire career if not my entire life is built upon things I've learned on the internet, starting as a young child. Future children will be denied such opportunities to learn and connect (unless they learn to circumvent the tools of oppression).
Your reply feels like a complete non-sequitur so I'm trying to understand what you're saying. Were the arguments made considering private, encrypted direct messages between adult men and minors with camera phones?
The people writing these bills aren't talking about age-gating instructables, they're talking about age-gating "material harmful to minors" (which IS a bad and broad definition). I emphatically don't think this is the way to go about doing so and think this is a mistake, but governments are attempting to do something, as doing nothing isn't working.
You are making extreme claims without evidence.
"Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence." - Sagan
Please explain how these bills will prevent "encrypted direct messages between adult men and minors with camera phones." After you do so, we can begin an actual conversation.
So… where is your extraordinary evidence for your extraordinary claims?
You are claiming that the people backing this legislation are doing so in order to control and surveil the population for nefarious purposes rather than as an attempt, however misguided, to protect children from harm online. That’s a pretty extraordinary claim.
This legislation is poorly thought through and may lead to more harms than it prevents but that doesn’t mean that the legislators aren’t trying to do what they claim. Hanlon’s razor is appropriate here… unless you actually do have some evidence of malice?
You are claiming that the people backing this legislation are doing so in order to control and surveil the population for nefarious purposes rather than as an attempt, however misguided, to protect children from harm online. That’s a pretty extraordinary claim.
If you've read any history book - or have been paying attention to what happened on the internet over the past decades - it is actually a pretty self-evident claim. Controlling the means of communication is a bog-standard mechanism of control employed by regimes and other actors across the globe, and obviously they make up whatever excuses that are suitable and popular on any given day. "Think of the children" has literally become a meme because it was abused so often to justify surveillance and authoritarianism.
Does anyone even remember what it was like being a child? I do, very vividly. 12 years old me would have been livid to be confronted with all those stupid age gates. Preventing me from talking to all the interesting people out there, the wealth of information that is just waiting to be discovered. I feel like there is some collective amnesia in our society where we have forgotten that children are actually human beings with curiosity and a brain. Children need to be empowered, but all this fake protection is disempowering them.
Does anyone even remember what it was like being a child? I do, very vividly. 12 years old me would have been livid to be confronted with all those stupid age gates.
Sure, 12yo me would have been livid and tried to circumvent these restrictions. 12yo me was also an idiot and saw stuff that was not appropriate for his age or his maturity, and that did not affect him in healthy ways. I think giving children more autonomy and freedom is important, but I think the idea that a child should be able to look at whatever they like is utterly stupid.
as a trans person of a certain age, with a certain sort of parent
I would not have survived to adulthood had these rules existed when I was a kid
many people I know have similar stories. I just feel that should be part of the conversation.
I'm nonbinary and quite queer, having IRC to chat with fellow queers helped me understand things a lot better.
I think that's one of the nice things about the California system: applications gate themselves, which means that they avoid the gatekeeper effect that means some third party decides what you're allowed to look at or not. Restrictions aren't based on what a parent decides or what some overly cautious parental control company thinks its customers want, they're based on the application taking responsibility for its own legality.
It's a thoughtful approach which might well work out in peacetime. I can definitely see what they were going for.
I think I was too oblique, so I should probably add...
At the time I was born, it was illegal in the United States to favorably portray people like me on television or in the newspaper. That changed in the 90s when the move to cable television did an end-run around the FCC (for better and for worse), resulting in a decade of pent-up fart jokes that made such rules seem quaint and outdated. (I'm glossing over a lot of important history, just to note that. It wasn't that easy.)
For my entire life, continuously from then to now, there has been a lobby of concerned parents who, in the name of protecting children, and under various slogans, have consistently advocated to exclude people like me from public life. These advocacy groups have always been well-funded, but more than that, a personal story told emotionally is the most powerful force in politics, and queer people have fought long and hard to tell our own stories in response.
In my entire 45 years my community has never known peace, has never been allowed to simply exist. Now that very same war has escalated, and I am deeply, profoundly sorry that all you "normal" people have been drafted into it. I wish that it hadn't gone this way.
I know in my heart that there is a better world out there somewhere in the future, one where well-intentioned legislatures can make rules that feel simple and obvious, without those rules being tugged into oppressive shapes by a massive assault through the courts, through disinformation, and through lobbying.
I don't know how we get there from here. I just take it as a given that, somehow, we will. It's the only way I can stay motivated to fight.
I don't even agree with these age verification schemes as they stand, but you're suggesting there's no way these can reduce the incidence of internet crimes against children (patently absurd)? Do you think there's nothing that restricting minors from accessing adult websites and such will achieve, or do you only want solutions with a 100% success rate?
Do we need to outright restrict them? I think that a better solution would be to teach and encourage good habits online, which helps foster a mutual trust between minors and (non-predatory) adults.
There are definitely better solutions than the age-verfication schemes as suggested, and I believe that it behooves us to not accept half-measures here.
Not to mention that the platforms themselves love having legal justification to gather a whole bunch of additional personal information. It also allows them to defuse further attempts at regulation in case they get their way.
it is all a matter of how they're raised.
As a parent, this just makes my blood boil. Kids have multiple influences beyond their immediate family: their friends, their school, sports groups, neighbours and more.
But yours is the libertarian playbook: privatise the profit and externalise the harm. Companies should be allowed to do whatever they want in the name of profit, and if anything goes wrong, find a scapegoat.
For all your talk of history and freedom of information, you seem to have a very narrow understanding of what it’s like to be a parent in a world driven by surveillance capitalism.
It’s a cruel irony that adding another couple of bits of entropy could prevent the very real harms caused by social media.
There are so many more useful ways to actually protect kids if a lawmaker was legitimately concerned. Regulations on transparency for recommendation algorithms would be actually helpful, but it would make the big donors upset, so we don't see it; we get this shit instead.
A lot of the "think of the children" arguments for control of information read as trying to absolve parents of having to do any parenting.
I don't think that's the case. From what I've seen, the arguments are mainly about trying to establish social norms for what children are able to do. Partly, that's because banning things like social media is only effective if other parents join in, and very few people want to be the first parents to do that. If my kid is the only one in their class not on tiktok, they're going to struggle, but if all the parents agree not to let their kids in tiktok, then the social pressure is reduced. (It won't go away completely, but there's a big difference between "all the other kids are doing it" and "one particularly cool kid is doing it and we want to be like them".)
The law, in that sense, is about defining a consensus view on how to restrict apps and websites for children.
The other aspect is that you can't be in control of your children all the time, but you can still view certain things as dangerous for them. We ban shops from selling alcohol to kids, even though we could just say that it's a parent's responsibility to prevent their children from buying alcohol, because parents need to be able to give their kids a certain amount of latitude and freedom while still trusting that the world will largely be safe enough for them. In a similar vein, I could install a bunch of apps on my child's devices that prevent them from accessing all sorts of sites, but these apps are unfortunately mostly spyware. The benefit of at least some of these proposals is that they are privacy-preserving, which is hugely valuable if you are a parent who wants to give your child freedom but still protect them from certain kinds of content.
To be clear, I think the whole concept is fraught with issues, but that doesn't mean it's a bad concept, or that we shouldn't try and explore it. If there are privacy-preserving ways of moderating content, we should be investigating them, and I think that's what's happening in a number of these cases.
banning things like social media is only effective if other parents join in, and very few people want to be the first parents to do that. If my kid is the only one in their class not on tiktok
Really? I'm totally okay with being the first, and have been trying to do so, but apparently iPhones have massive leaks in their parental controls (my son is somehow getting Instagram in his Settings app, and I have yet to figure out the exploit). Likewise many of the parents around me would like to completely ban them for our children, including many of us who used to work at Facebook and similar companies.
I think there might be a pretty good fix in requiring that any service provided with ads and data collection must provide the same service for the same price without any ads or data collection. Require business models like TikTok and Facebook to not be profitable and things suddenly get way better...
The benefit of at least some of these proposals is that they are privacy-preserving
Are any of them actually privacy-preserving? In the brick and mortar world we have an imperfect but "good enough" system where the liquor store cashier looks at your ID, doesn't record it, and immediately forgets it, with neither the liquor store nor the DMV tying your identity to the transactions. The best online equivalents to this are similar except
This feels... not quite good enough?
In the brick and mortar world we also generally have a security camera that records the transaction so that if law enforcement has reason to believe a crime occurred then the footage can be reviewed and the company's responsibility to check ID can be verified.
We rely on that footage being hard to market and sell, causing the store to just discard old footage. In my opinion, any bill that is serious about preserving privacy needs to ban the sale of this information and ban the use of the information for any unrelated purposes.
I'm still very much opposed to these efforts though because whatever limits are in place to start will tend to erode.
As I understand it, the California approach is:
So essentially it's opt-in parental controls built into the operating system that applications must comply with. The OS knows your age, although it does not know your identity, while the application doesn't even know your exact age, just which category you fall into.
It's honestly quite a good system - it still ultimately requires parents to take a certain amount of responsibility for their children's device usage, but assuming applications generally comply with this regulation, they can then be confident that their child will get age-appropriate content. It should also largely avoid false positives like LGBTQ content being flagged, because the sites and applications themselves are handling the restrictions. This means you're not relying on a third party that will flag anything out of an abundance of caution, giving more freedom for sites handling controversial - but entirely legal - content.
Serious question: are you a parent? Or do you know any parents?
If you are, how old are your children?
I knew my parents, who had two kids after me, youngest sixteen years my junior, and I have a few of friends who are recent parents (0-3 range).
I think we can all agree that no generation of parents historically faced the level of online marketing and persuasion aimed at kids today.
These are hard questions with no easy answers, and maybe 1990s libertarian talking points aren't sufficient to answer them.
And that stuff only hurts kids? If social media algorithms need to be regulated, they need to be regulated for adults too.
Absolutely. In fact, I'd prefer stringent privacy laws that would hopefully fatally undermine the entire surveillance economy.
I would agree that the content recommendation systems as a class need to be regulated. But not in the form of surveillance of the users.
that's exactly where I'm at
(this specific topic is a major professional focus for me, for whatever that may be worth. I don't know whether it makes my conclusions any more true; I certainly think it shouldn't make anyone take me more seriously. I'm not sure why I'm mentioning it, other than to disclose my emotional stake in the topic.)
I think the age verification bills are genuinely misguided attempts to get ahead of the internet radicalising and grooming children.
Nope - that's why these bills always define "adult content" as including anything related to LGBT people. Not porn, literally just "being gay/trans is not something wrong with you" being classed as adult content so that they can punish lgbt kids, and normalize persecution and bullying.
What do you do in world of comkids on every game, 764-style grooming cults on social media, weird old predators on these weird unknown chatrooms and parents who don't know, don't care or aren't technologically adept enough to stop their child making bad decisions?
You could just parent your children: keep computers in the living room, teach your kids about this, periodically sit down with your kids so they can show you how they're using the computer, don't punish them for making bad choices, and use the adult controls that literally every modern OS has to allow you to prevent most adult content.
Alternatively, you can have government legislation act as the parent, including blocking content that you want your kids to be able to access.
Talking about radicalization: none of these bills ever block sites that promote persecution of minorities, not of them ever prohibit sites promoting christian extremism, none prohibit content in which christians (well, the right kind of them) talk about how minorities are subhuman/untermensch, or "militias" which are groups of people who "train" to use guns to terrorize minorities.
top their child making bad decisions?
Back to this last bit: (1) kids have always made bad decisions, you should be parenting, and if you're not then they can also make bad decisions in the real world as well, (2) what is a "bad decision"? is it "I think I'm gay?"? is it reading nazi bulletin boards? (remember that last one is not ever covered by these laws)
Seriously, you're literally saying "the government should take over parenting your children, and it's ok for them to enforce discriminatory viewpoints". FFS.
these bills always define "adult content" as including anything related to LGBT people.
(g) "Material harmful to minors" means a text, sound recording, image, video, or similar representation or depiction that:
(1) the average person, applying contemporary community standards and evaluating the material (i) as a whole, and (ii) with respect to minors, would determine is designed to appeal to or pander to the prurient [lustful] interest;
(2) in a manner patently offensive with respect to minors, exploits, is devoted to, or principally consists of a representation or description of an actual, simulated, or animated display or depiction of an intimate part, sexual contact, sexual penetration, bestiality, sadomasochistic abuse, excretory function, exhibition, or other sexual act; and
(3) taken as a whole, lacks serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value for minors.
I don't see how this relates to LGBT people in any capacity. It in fact (3) seems to explicitly carve out an exception for educational material that we'd consider protected speech under the first amendment.
You could just parent your children
This isn't realistic and hasn't been realistic for at least a decade (thinking to when I'd "outsmart" my parents) - but it also doesn't address the children who aren't "correctly" parented, who aren't tended to in a way that protects them, who are put or put themselves in vulnerable situations where they're exploited and abused. You are thinking in the most individual way, which doesn't work when we live in societies of millions of people.
Talking about radicalization
Sure.
Seriously, you're literally saying "the government should take over parenting your children, and it's ok for them to enforce discriminatory viewpoints". FFS.
I didn't say this, I don't think this and explicitly say I don't endorse this misguided approach to age verification. Please respond to what I say instead of what you're accusing me of saying. I think age verification in this way while preserving privacy is not possible, and I think regulating internet porn in this way is not practical, feasible or likely to succeed at it's stated goals.
It is really important to understand that, in the US, the Heritage Foundation has been running a multi-year campaign to push payment processors and everyone else to enforce SESTA/FOSTA in the most anti-queer ways possible. They have been winning. We, the queer community, have slowly become unable to financially support each other. Our own legal non-profits are fighting back, but are massively out-funded.
That is the context in which this new mechanism to restrict speech is being contemplated.
I just... I hope that people realize that.
I don't see how this relates to LGBT people in any capacity. It in fact (3) seems to explicitly carve out an exception for educational material that we'd consider protected speech under the first amendment.
A very large proportion of "reasonable" Americans consider anything LGBT related to be sex, and is definitionally pornographic, prurient, "unnatural", and directly harmful to children. Section (3) does not work here: by their definition anything LGBT material is pornographic and/or harmful and has no merit under any of those categories. Remember a large proportion of Americans have tried to ban children's books that simply contain gay characters. Similarly blocking information and access to abortion.
Of course some are more explicit: Oklahoma's law banned exhibition or description of "sexual conduct", but then a different piece of legislation (which provides the definition of "sexual conduct") explicitly includes any form of homosexuality.
At a federal level the KOSA sponsors explicitly stated the goal of the legislation was “protecting minor children from the transgender [sic] in this culture and that influence.”
This isn't realistic and hasn't been realistic for at least a decade (thinking to when I'd "outsmart" my parents)
Teenagers have always been able to access pornography, and if parents would actually talk about it rather than pretending it doesn't exist, or if schools had actual sex ed rather than classes where girls are told they become worthless if they're not a virgin (my wife's "sex ed" literally compared a girl/woman not being a virgin to new vs chewed chewing gum, and another friend's "education" compared having sex with different people to removing petals from a pure rose).
Instead of pretending this doesn't exist, parents should address it - in fact the refusal to do this makes children more exploitable. The above "you only have value if you're a virgin" is actively, the refusal to actually seriously discuss sex, etc is actively exploited by abusers to prevent victims from telling anyone. Government dictated censorship does not fix this.
In response to "outsmarting parents" - why do you think aggressive censorship is not going to do anything other than "protect" the less technically capable kids?
I didn't say this, I don't think this and explicitly say I don't endorse this misguided approach to age verification.
You did though, even in your reply, you stated that it is unreasonable to expect parents to be able to protect their children, and so it is reasonable for the government to determine what content they must be protected by.
You said you disagree with the method of implementation, but everything else is clearly in support of the concept.
Your reply mostly ignores what I said, but on this point, for emphasis:
why do you think aggressive censorship is not going to do anything other than "protect" the less technically capable kids?
Protecting less technically capable children is a good thing, but stop saying I support aggressive censorship, because I don't: If we could, in a privacy-preserving way stop children accessing pornography I think that is a good thing and I'm not ashamed to say so, but I do not support "aggressive censorship" of anything related to sex. Please stop assuming your worst possible opinion of me just to argue against something I didn't say and don't think.
I think the age verification bills are genuinely misguided attempts to get ahead of the internet radicalising and grooming children.
I am surprised that the California law was a lot better written than I thought it would be. Compared to "give us your passport", a basic "is user old enough?" check is probably the least privacy invasive way to write one.
...and parents who don't know, don't care or aren't technologically adept enough to stop their child making bad decisions?
TBH, I think the adults are even worse than the kids when it comes to social media. "Ban it for kids" is a half measure compared to banning it outright, or defanging its impact on society.
It doesnt really matter if the starter reasoning is good or not, the end goal is control. Policymakers know this and will utilize it, no matter what.
What do you do in world of comkids on every game, 764-style grooming cults on social media, weird old predators on these weird unknown chatrooms and parents who don't know, don't care or aren't technologically adept enough to stop their child making bad decisions?
A very widely played game amongst the young generation is Roblox. It is well known for having tons of issues with preventing children from being contacted by groomers and outright sex games in their own sandbox system (a system with a built in economy and relations to real money). None of this is allowed in the EU - if they get reports they have to follow them, which they do not as shown by the press investigating. So does it make the problem go away to enact such a flawed law ? Not at all.
A piece of logic I encountered a while ago (first here) which has really stuck with me, and helps cut through a lot of speculation about disingenuity:
Their stated goal (to ensure children cannot access material inappropriate for them, whether because it is porn or because it is designed to permanently fry their attention span), is a goal that is reasonable. Since it is a reasonable goal, real people have it. Since real people have it, and especially since it dovetails with a politically strong interest (religion), you would expect there to be a political movement for it.
Here is a political movement claiming to be for it. Suppose they are actually trying to accomplish something else, and are only pretending. Where is the other movement, then, the one that really believes in it that you would expect to find? Or, if the response is 'well the politicians want one thing and the people another', how is that different from any other political movement ever?
Where is the other movement, then, the one that really believes in it that you would expect to find?
Deeply intertwingled with the first movement, obviously. There's probably a fair component of people with both the reasonable and disingenuous goals, and even more who don't know about or wouldn't care about the harms of the disingenuous goals as long as the reasonable ones get met.
"Lawful intercept" is also a reasonable goal if you define it strictly enough, but the reasonable version of it is actually mathematically impossible to achieve. How much does that absolve the people pushing for an unreasonable version, who may or may not be aware the reasonable version is impossible?
That logic has a counterpart. For every proposed policy change there are people who have a genuine self-interest in the stated outcome. There are also people who have an interest in the unstated but still likely outcomes. In the event that you can only identify one group, is it more probable that only one group exists or that the second group is pretending to be the first group?
It turns out that three groups, each with massive (economic/political) power, are well aligned on this topic:
those who are concerned about people (including but not limited to children) online, including those who wish to prevent access to materials generally protected under the constitution's free speech clause;
the American far right political movement, which is intent on tracking every American and their behavior for political purposes and for profit (see: Peter Thiel, Palantir, and also the laser-focused redistricting aka Gerrymandering by Republicans over the past decade);
the various websites, such as Facebook and Google, which profit by monetizing the information they collect about Americans.
Not all of these forces are malign, but to ignore the malign intent that is driving this effort would be unwise.
I suppose, since nobody has brought up the glaring and apparent irony of the Epstien revalations amidst this iteration of "save the children" that has been repeated ad nauseum since the dawn of man, and has never seemed to pan out, I guess I'll go ahead and do that. So yeah, please denote the irony.
In general, governments don't keep you safe, they are just good at crafting arguments to that effect to better protect themselves from the consequences of their bad decisions. I feel like free software spaces used to be a lot more aware of this than they are today, but perhaps I am just wearing my rose colored glasses.
From Europe, there is another side of coin to this. When we have young kids getting radicalized against society by foreign actors, you eventually have to do something about it. The machinery of these social media platforms is too complex and big to regulate the content anymore. This isn't some broadcast that can easily be checked
The only practical solution is to ban these platforms entirely.