Annotated Unix Magic Poster
32 points by kaycebasques
32 points by kaycebasques
There are at least two inaccuracies in just the first two annotations and I have a feeling they were written by AI and trusted without checking.
What inaccuracies are you seeing? “The shell is the primary interface to the kernel” seems pretty incorrect/misleading to me, but I’m not sure what the other is.
While many shells exist today, the original was the Bourne shell (sh), which laid the foundation for everything that followed.
The original is the Thompson shell.
I can see an AI making this mistake by ingesting a lot of text from humans making this mistake;
I can see humans making this mistake by just kinda assuming that the knowledge they’ve gained by osmosis of the timeline of various shells must be fairly complete since they haven’t heard of any earlier shell in a while, and the earliest they know of is the Bourne shell, as it’s the earliest commonly known (and has the same sh
executable name on most platforms as the Thompson shell did).
The man(1) command (short for manual) is used to display online reference manuals (man pages) for commands, system calls, configuration files, and other aspects of the system.
The man(1) command displays offline reference manuals.
I don’t envision this being a common human mistake, it comes across as almost certainly an AI mistake. The AI is producing a sentence that sounds like something someone might plausibly write, and one of the words, “online” in this case, just happens to be the opposite of what would be accurate;
it probably sees the word “online” in reference to man pages in its training data a fair bit because there are places where you can read man pages online, and this will be remarked upon as a way to contrast the offline nature of how man pages usually work, like people saying, “you can find an online copy of the linux man pages at [such and such site]”.
You’ll also get people who remark on man pages being offline, as a way to contrast most documentation being online nowadays, but I guess the AI’s RNG just happened to pick “offline” in this case.
The man(1) command displays offline reference manuals.
What? “online” in this context means the current version is available to peruse on the computer, as opposed to being prepared and published for reading away from the terminal.
See for example “Unix for beginners” by Brian Kernighan, page 3:
On-line Manual
The UNIX Programmer’s Manual is typically kept on-line. If you get stuck on something, and can’t find an expert to assist you, you can print on your terminal some manual section that might help. It’s also useful for getting the most up-to-date information on a command.
Yep. Indeed, FreeBSD man
still refers to online manual pages. So does illumos.
Thompson shell was a nice catch though.
You know, after @fanf pointed it out, I realised,
“yeah, actually, I think I’ve heard online applied to man pages before, now that I think about it, possibly even from man’s own man page”.
(And yes, my own man man
says the same, on macOS. And I’ve heard man pages referred to as online in official documentation more than once. I really should have slowed down on that one.)
I saw the “original [shell] was the Bourne shell” thing, became suspicious of the document, and started trying to find other errors while I was in a suspicious frame of mind.
Hey, no worries. Happens to everyone once in a while.
And thanks for confirming on macOS - I was curious to know, but macOS manpages aren’t online, only iOS manpages(????), and only certain sections. Section 1 is missing.
man, apropos, whatis — display online manual documentation pages
but macOS manpages aren’t online
🧐
but macOS manpages aren’t online [second meaning]
I found some, though they’re completely unversioned.
Also, I found some interesting alternatives in this Stack Exchange answer; the one I tend to stumble onto organically anyway is the ss64 archive,
but my favourite listed alternative is getting the official raw roff source by searching something like site:opensource.apple.com/source man.1
[sic on the site:
with a path segment, but also, adjust the search for Apple’s open source OS code releases now being hosted on github/apple-oss-distributions (branches versioned by macOS releases), and only linked to from opensource.apple.com/releases].
only iOS manpages(????), and only certain sections. Section 1 is missing.
Oh wow, you’re talking about Apple’s official online man page archive:
Manual pages provide reference for a number of BSD and POSIX functions and tools. This document is organized by manual page section.
These manual pages are a subset of the Mac OS X manual pages. This list has been filtered by an automated process to exclude APIs that are known to be unavailable in iOS. The list of man pages has not yet been fully reviewed, however, so some APIs may be listed even though they are not available in iOS.
Wild!
I guess they don’t feel the need with macOS because macOS device owners have access to manpages on their system directly, whereas iOS device owners don’t.
And csh is also older than the Bourne shell. (So is the Mashey shell but that didn’t survive.)
I was going to point out that the explanation of /usr/spool was also a mess but happily that has been fixed.
But the real question: how can I get one?
You’ll probably have to print it yourself (or have it printed). You can find pretty big PNG in their repo
There’s a very high resolution scan in the internet archive (700 megabytes TIFF for each poster): https://archive.org/details/unix-magic - it would benefit from some white balance though as the colors look a fair bit burned.
edit: small adjustment with a gmic filter: iain_cmyk_tone_p 1,0,0,0,0,0,7,7,-3,-7,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,-8,-8,-8,-54,-33,-26,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,255,255,255,255,255,0,0
You might be interested in https://jpmens.net/2021/04/09/the-unix-magic-poster/.
Upon reading that article I replicated what the author did and I am happy with the result!
Edit: hmm, seems the link to the actual image has been removed from that post. Digging around some I think the source used was https://archive.org/details/unix-magic-poster-gary-overcare-1 but I see an even larger file is linked by @jcelerier here (though the image I linked is not as dark).
I got mine printed by Vistaprint and am happy with the results. Regularly makes me smile!
Its worth noting there are two more posters in the series, but they lack the, well, magic of this one.